Researcher ORCID Identifier

0009-0007-0412-6486

Graduation Year

2025

Document Type

Campus Only Senior Thesis

Degree Name

Bachelor of Arts

Department

Environmental Analysis

Reader 1

Professor Melinda Herrold-Menzies

Reader 2

Professor Shanikwa Perdue-Johnson

Reader 3

Professor Elijah Quetin

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Terms of Use for work posted in Scholarship@Claremont.

Rights Information

©2025 Sia Z Were

Abstract

Geothermal energy represents a critical pathway for sustainable energy development, offering a consistent, low-carbon alternative to fossil fuel-based electricity generation. This comparative research examines geothermal energy development in Kenya and California, exploring the complex intersections of technological innovation, environmental justice, and sustainable energy transitions. By analyzing the institutional frameworks, technological approaches, and socio-ecological contexts of the Geothermal Development Company (GDC) and Kenya Energy Generating Company (KenGen) in Kenya and the Geysers and the Salton Sea Geothermal Area in California, the study reveals the multifaceted challenges and opportunities inherent in renewable energy implementation. Employing an interdisciplinary methodological approach, the research integrates perspectives from a robust dive into theories in literature, cartographic creation, geospatial analysis, and comparative energy policy analysis. Through geospatial analysis and comparative institutional assessment, the study investigates how different geographical and socioeconomic contexts shape geothermal energy development. The analysis draws on the theoretical framework of just transition, examining the distributional, procedural, and restorative dimensions of energy transformation. Key findings highlight the importance of moving beyond technological determinism, emphasizing the need for holistic approaches that address ecological restoration, social equity, and institutional adaptation. The research demonstrates that effective decarbonization strategies must integrate multiple knowledge systems, bridging technological innovation with community engagement and robust policy frameworks. Ultimately, the study provides critical insights into the potential of geothermal energy as a regenerative approach to addressing global climate challenges and promoting sustainable development.

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