Date of Award
Fall 2022
Degree Type
Open Access Dissertation
Degree Name
Psychology, PhD
Program
School of Social Science, Politics, and Evaluation
Advisor/Supervisor/Committee Chair
Jason T. Siegel
Dissertation or Thesis Committee Member
William D. Crano
Dissertation or Thesis Committee Member
Eusebio M. Alvaro
Terms of Use & License Information
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
Rights Information
© 2022 Tara Parnitvithikul
Keywords
attributions, deservingness, helping judgments, moral emotions, responsibility
Subject Categories
Social Psychology
Abstract
Judgments of responsibility and deservingness are two cognitive appraisals that independently predict other-directed moral emotions and helping judgments. The current research integrated theories of responsibility and deservingness to investigate a novel approach for increasing support to individuals with depression. Study 1 used a correlational design to identify patterns of relationships among the variables of interest. Responsibility and deservingness were positively correlated, and both appraisals were positively associated with anger and negatively associated with sympathy and willingness to help. When responsibility and deservingness were considered as simultaneous antecedents of emotional responses in the same model; however, only responsibility predicted lower levels of sympathy and higher levels of anger. By extension, sympathy predicted less willingness to help. Study 2 tested the effects of responsibility (high vs. low) and deservingness (deserved vs. undeserved) experimentally and assessed their differential effects on emotions and helping judgments. Results indicated that low perceived responsibility and un deservingness judgments increased sympathy and reduced anger, and sympathy was associated with greater willingness to help. Study 3 expanded on these findings and experimentally varied responsibility and deservingness via the use of depression public service announcements (DPSAs). The method employed by Study 3 enhanced the ecological validity of Study 2 findings and generated insights for future campaigns. Four DPSAs were developed based on the factorial combination of the two independent variables: lack of responsibility, undeservingness, combination (lack of responsibility and undeservingness), and comparison (absence of both lack of responsibility and undeservingness). The comparison DPSA differed from the other three DPSAs only by two sentences (e.g., “No one deserves to feel this kind of sadness. No one deserves to have depression.”). Findings revealed that emphasizing lack of responsibility did not lead to differences in emotional responses toward others with depression. However, highlighting un deservingness in a DPSA elicited more sympathy, which was associated with greater willingness to help. Across all three studies, the responsibility by deservingness interaction did not significantly predict emotional responses. Together, this set of studies provided theoretical clarity concerning two related cognitive appraisals and identified an innovative approach to increase support for individuals with depression (e.g., “no one deserve to have depression”).
ISBN
9798371916464
Recommended Citation
Parnitvithikul, Tara. (2022). Reactions to Others with Depression: An Investigation of Responsibility and Deservingness Judgments. CGU Theses & Dissertations, 480. https://scholarship.claremont.edu/cgu_etd/480.
